Mechanism for facilitating the detachable mounting of rotary devices



K. B. KAISER MOUNTING 0F ROTARY DEVICES @favl MECHANISM FOR FACILITATING THE DETACHABLE Aug. 10, 1954 Filed Feb. 24, 1951 Filed Feb, 24, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 L. ..T I

*4 a a qw n 0 w as mm av-l Wonder- Aug. 10, 1954 K. B. KAISER 2,535,823

MECHANISM FOR FACILITATING THE DETACHABLE MOUNTING 0F ROTARY DEVICES 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 24, 1951 Wow-7 )3. moulucr- A 7 TMifi IEEEE Aug. 10, 1954 K. B. KAISER 2,685,823

MECHANISM FOR FACILITATING THE DETACHABLE MOUNTING OF ROTARY' DEVICES Filed Feb. 24, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 TINVLMTQM @darl Qdculder '97 CA-r-romfi Patented Aug. 10, 1954 MECHANISM FOR FACILITATING THE DE- TACHABLE MOUNTING OF ROTARY DE- VIOES Karl B. Kaiser, Rockford, Ill., assignor to The Ingersoll Milling Machine Company, Rockford, 111., a. corporation of Illinois Application February 24, 1951, Serial No. 212,532

11 Claims.

bolt extended down through the spindle and threaded into the end of the tapered cutter shank. Release of the wedged shank is even a more difficult and time-consuming operation.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a novel mounting which requires the services of only one man in removing the rotary device from or replacing the same on the spindle, which is adapted for power actuation both in attaching the device'to and releasing the same from the spindle, which is safer and faster in operation, and which is usable with standard shank constructions.

Another object is toprovide a novel mounting by which a coupling member may be projected outwardly from the spindle end, connected to the device to be supported, and then retracted into the spindle to draw the parts into mating relation.

A further object is to actuate the coupling member through a novel power transmitting connection which is extended into the end of the spindle remote from the supported device.

Still another object is to provide a novel type coupling which permits of quick attachment to and detachment from the device to be supported.

A fourth object is to reciprocatethe' retractible clamping member by a power actuated screw mechanism arranged in a novel manner within thehollow spindle. 1 The invention also resides in the novel con-' struction of the mechanism for actuating the clamping screw and in the manner of releasing the wedging action preparatory to detaching the rotary devicefrom the spindle.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1- is a fragmentary-elevational view of; a tool head incorporating the improved mountin and partially broken away to show-certain of the parts in section 1- 1 I Fig. 2 is a fragmentary section taken-along "the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a section taken along the line 44 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the detachable coupling.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of a modified form of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a section taken along the line 1-1 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a wiring diagram.

While the invention is susceptible of various modifications and alternative constructions, I have shown in the drawings and will herein describe in detail the preferred embodiment. It is to be understood, however, that I do not intend to limit the invention by such disclosure but aim to cover all modifications and alternative constructions falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

For purposes of illustration the invention is shown in the drawings incorporated in the head III of an adjustable rail milling machine adapted to utilize a cutter II carried on the end of a tapered shank I2 which, in the operating position of the cutter, is drawn into a mating tapered recess I3 in the lower end of an elongated hollow spindle I4. With the shank thus wedged, the spindle is coupled to the cutter by a key I5 received in slots I6 on the end flange of the spindle. The latter projects through and is journaled in spaced bearings I1 in a quill I8 which slides in a cylindrical part I9 of the head It] in which the quill may be adjusted axially through the medium of a power actuated worm and rack 20. The spindle extends through and is spline coupled at 21 to a drive sleeve 22 which, through clutches 23 and speed change gears 24 may be coupled to a shaft 25 driven by the spindle drive motor 26, on the head I0.

In accordance with the present invention, a member 2'! mounted within the spindle'and projectable outwardly from the lower endthereof is adapted to be connected through a quickly engageable and disengageable coupling 38 to the end of the cutter shank I2 and then retracted into the spindle to draw the shank inwardly so as to seat the same firmly in the recess I3 with the keys I5 in register with the notches I6. Herein, the member 21 is an elongated sleeve slidable endwise, in a bore 28 with its lower end portion spline coupledat 29 to the spindle I 4.

While thecoupling 30 may take various forms, the preferred form shown in Figs. 3 to 5 is of the member 2'5 and the shank l2 respectively and enclosed by a cup 33 having opposed abutments.

3 and 35 which are engageable with the heads 3! and 32. The head 3! is a disk fast onashank;

3? which is screwed into the endiof the lifting or clamping member 2? and is beveled around its periphery as indieatedat 36 to permit some.

degree of rocking of the head within the cup.

An inturned flange 38 on the latter definesflhe abutment 34 and is apertured to receive the shank 31. The cup 33 is thus freely rotatable relative to the member 21.

In a similar way, the other head 32 is formed on a shank 39 which is threaded to screw into the hole? usually formed in theendof a standard cutter shank. This head is flattened or otherwise made A non-circular and sized to: pass loosely through an oblonghole M in airing-42 threaded into the lower end of the cup 3;3 and locked therein by a set screw. The top or inner end of the ring is formed with notches 53 adapted to reeeive opposite end portions of the'head SZ when the latter, after passing through the ring hole in one angular position shown inEfig. 5;, is turned through a quarter revolution. The bottoms of the notches 43 thus form the lower abutment t-gof the coupling 30- twill-beobserved that" the cup with the ring 4; therein and head 32 form a quickly engageable and disengageable bayonet connection by which the cutter shank l2 whil esupported below the spindle endmaybe pieked'up, drawn upwardly, and properly seated in the tapered recess l3. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the lifting member 21 and; its power actuator are utilized to release the-wedged cutter shank from the spindle and then supportthe cutter-while-it is lowered out of the spindle torender thecouplingaccessihle for detachme-ntand removal of the cutter. To this end, one of theelements of the bayonet coupling is mounted-on its supportwith enough axial lost motion to permit the power actuatedmember 21 to move downwardly and some into direct abutment with apart rigid with the shank l2 As a result the nernber 21 and the associated parts of the power actuator may gain momentum in the initial downward movementand strike the shank with suficient force to dislodge it from the recess 13.

i-Ierein, the lost motion is interposed between the'cup- 39; and the head 6| by spacing the flange 38; and the ringAZ aparta distance "somewhat greaterthan the height' of the head-311 Thus, as the member 27! is advanced-downwardly with the parts in the wedgedlposition shown in Fig. 3, the'headtl moves out et-abutment with the cup flange and, aiter theslack in the 10st ad es crannies s ken strikes h head 32 thus appl ing a ha ininenblowto the shank i2. Upon'such release of the shank, the cutter falls downwardly a short distance equal -to the lost motion but-remains suspended from the member 21} the cup fiangefifi-then engaging the head tl. W

Raising and lowering of the member -2-i; to seat or release the cutter shank '12- and also retain the shank wedged in the spindle is preferably effected by a screw mechanism 41 disposed within the hollow spindle l4 and actuated by the rotation of a shaft 46 which extends upwardly through the spindle above the upper end thereof and is adapted to be driven by a reversb e. row act at il i.nt ..th .u r part Of the-tool head I0; Herein, thelifting member 2? constitutes the nut of the screw mechanism and, for this purpose, is formed as a sleeve internally threaded at its upper end 53 (Fig. 3) to receive a serew da having a hollow upper end portionpr. sleeveep internally spline grooved to mate with the fluted lower end 5! of the drive shaft 45. TIhe .sleeve tiil on the screw is journaled at-itslowenendina hearing 59 (Fig. 3) disposed .between,oppos ed shoulders on the spindle i i and sleeve 58. "'At its upper end (see Fig. 1), the sleeveissuspended-from the spindle it through theiritermediary of bearings 58 clamped to the sleeve by a nut and disposed between internal shoulders 59 on the spindle. The upper one of these shoulders is on a ring: (Fig. 3) which is secured tothe end-of-the sleeve by screws 55 By -turning the shaft 56in Opposite directions, the nut maybe raised or lowered as desired. The power actuator herein shown for turning the shaft lfi'includes an electric motor 54 (Fig.

geared toan upright shaft53 Whichis journaled inthe toolhead and-carries-a pinion-meshing with a gear 55 whose-; hub isformed with an inwardly projecting arcuate jaw; 56 (Figs. 2 and 4). The latter is-adapted for engagement with a iawwffl projecting from the upper end of a sleeve 58 slidably splined on the upper fluted-- end (of the "screw shaftAG; Thetoothed gear 55 andsleeve thus form a jaw clutch 59 by which the shaft .6: maybedisconnected from the motor 54 when the clutch is disengaged as shown inFig.-2 or coupled tothe motorwhen the sleeve itl islraisedto-bring-the jawi5 l into the path-of the-driving jaw 56.

The clutchmay be a ctuatedby manual shifting of a rod fifl slidable on -the tool head and carrying a yoke arm BI received:in-an-outwardly opening groove-62 in-the sleeve 53.: Alternatively, the clutch sleeve maybe shiftedto engage or release the clutch by selective energization of solenoids-Wende l whose common armature 65 is suspended fromthe lower end of the. shifter rod 50. When the clutch is disengaged, it. will beapparent that the parts of-the cutter lifting orireleasi-ngimechanism as above described turn with the toolspindle. M. Thismechanism does not therefore interfere in any. way with the normalvoperation of the cutter or-its drive spindle.

As-showninFig; 4; the jawsES and 51 are constructed to providea substantial amount of lost motion within theuclutch, the parts of:which engage with considerable impact for releasing theLwedging-actmn onthescrew. mechanism preparatory to removing a cutterfrom the spindle. For-i-thispurpose,there is only one jaw on each clutch element and each d aw is of relatively short circumferentiallength. Thus, when the clutch sleeve isvshifted to engageetheclutch while the motor 54 is runningQthe jaws 56- and 51 will come into-"full engagement with a hammer blow capable of 'ove'rcomingthe friction by which the screw and nut are wedged together.

Provision may be madefor actuating-the screw shaft Mi manually 'underemergency conditions. To this-end, thefshaf-t 53-ofthe motor actuator is extended to the top ofthe-tool head l0 and fqrmedat its end with a socket-fi g-in which a Suitable hand crank may 1 be inserted.

The cutter to be mounted on the spindle 14 may be supported temporarilyv beneath the spindle on a horizontal arm 66 (Fig. l) rigid with and projecting laterally from a rod 61 slidable vertically in lugs 68 and B9 projecting from the exterior of the tool head ID. The lug 69 is split and adapted to be collapsed by a hand cam 10 which ispivoted at H on the tool head and rigid with a handle 12. The support 66 may thus be held in any desired position of vertical adjustment. The support while free to swing horizontally may 'be held at any desired height by a collar 13 ad- 'justably secured to the rod as by a set screw; If desired, provision may be made for raising and lowering the rod ("by a power actuator driven hydraulically or otherwise. In the use of the above described cutter mounting mechanism, the cutter to be attached to the spindle l4 and having the head 32 screwed into its shank I2 is first centered on the support 66 and then swung laterally to locate the cutter beneath the lower end of the spindle M with the shank l2 alined with the spindle axis as shown in Fig. 1. The clutch 59 is engaged by energizing the solenoid 63 and by closure of aswitch HI (Fig. 8) the high torque winding 'H' is energized to start the motor in a direction to project the clampingmember 27 downwardly. As the cup 33 approaches the head 32 on the cutter shank, it is turned manually to aline the recess M with the head thus allowing the ring 42 to pass down over the head. The motor is then stopped and, after turning the cup to bring the ends of the head 32 into alinement with the notches 35, the motor is started in the reverse direction by closure of a switch 12' in the circuit of the winding 13. This circuit is designed to produc a lower output torque than when the motor is energized through the winding 1 l I The parts of the bayonet connection then engage as'shown in Fig. "1 and, in the continued turning of the screw 49, the cutter is lifted off from the support 66 andfthe, shank l2 enters the spindle socket 13. As the cutter approaches the end of the spindle, it may be turned manually in either direction to alinelthejkeys -15 with the spindle slots l6 and thus allow the cutter to become coupled properlywith the spindleend. The

swiveled mounting'of the cup'. 33 on the head 3| permits such angular adjustment. f

The motor operating at the lower torque, stalls as the shank becomes fully seatedin, the recess l3: and thus clamped .in' the spindle end. The clutch 59 may then be disengaged'by energizing the solenoid 64 thus dis'conn'ecting the' shaft 4t from the motor andgearing so that the parts of the elevating mechanism may rotate with the spindle in the normal use of thecutter during which the cutter is heldseated by virtue of the irreversible character of the screw and nut clamp.

Such disengagement "of the clutch may be.

effected "by depressing a handle. (Figff2) exposed: above the clutch housing." To remove the cutter, the support 65 is swung iii beneath the spindle, the clutch '59 assessed byenergizatio'n' of thes'olenoidffis and, by simultaneous closure I of the hi h torque motor circuit by the switch'lll', the motor 54 is sftarted in. the downward direction. After apartial revolution, the. jaws 56 and 51 of theclutch will'engagewith a substantial impact thus 'breakingthe screw shaft "loose from the nut 21 to initiatellowering of the latter. After the lost 'mot'ionjinthe bayonetconnection has been taken .up, the, head 3! on"'the nut 21 will'strike the head 32 with sufliment' with the spindle axis.

lowering of the nut is continued until the cutter comes to rest on the support 66 and the cup 33 has continued far enough to carry the notches 35 below the head 42. The latter may'b turned to bring the hole 4| intoregistry with the head 32 after which the nut 21 may be raised by operation of the motor thus separating the parts of the bayonet connection and leaving the cutter on the support 66.

The detachable coupling 30 may take different forms according to the shapeof the rotary device I l tobe clamped to the spindle end in the manner above described. For example, the device jor cutter ll may be constructed as shown in prise a rod 79 threaded into the lower end of the elevating'memb er 21 above referred to and projecting through a guide tube 80 seated in therecess, I3 of the spindle with its lower end projecting from the end of the spindle and sized to fit closely within the hole 16. The lower end of the rod is formed with a groove Bl adapted to receive and interfit with a detachable abutment such as a C washer 82. v

To attach the cutter H to the spindle 14, the washer 82 is removed from the lower end of the "rod. 19 and, by operation of the screw 49, the rod is lowered through the hole 16 while the cutter is positioned on the support 66 in aline- After the rod end passes through the hole 16, a centering washer 83 is fitted over the rod and seated in the cutter hole. Then, the c washer 82 is slid across the groove 8| to straddle the rod and provide an abutment for supporting the washer 83 and the cutter as shown in Fig. 6. Then, by reversing the rotation of the screw 49,.th'e rod with the cutter attached is raised and finally clamped against the endof the spindle with the keys 1-8 received in the grooves (1 to provide the necessary drive connection. The above procedure is reversed in order to remove the cutter from the spindle. Y

It will be apparent that the mechanism above described greatly facilitates the mounting and detachment ofheavy cutters, not only saving considerable time and labor but also reducing the hazards of these operations as heretofore practiced.

[claim as my invention: l. The'combination of, a hollow rotary, spindle shaped at its end to interfit with a device to be supported on and driven by the spindle, a member mounted within said spindle for movement axially through said end,- a coupling for detachably connecting said member and said device, a

screw mechanism disposed within said spindle and operable to reciprocate said member into and out of the spindle, said-mechanism including a .rotary shaft. extending into said spindle, a rotary power driven actuator, and a clutch for coupling said actuator to said shaft and having driving and driven elements with jaws thereon interengageable by relative axial movement, there being a substantial amount of angular lost motion between said jaws.

accesses v 'l hecom inat hnzoia:hollomrctarr.spindle, -a mem imountedew thirr,saidssnindl iorr uroi Lion; ou wards yond the; spindles-end. .a. c uplin detachableeennectinszsaidmember and it dinte eneaseameparts to permit the initial idpivinatorqueexerted,on; saidshaft toebe applied with a sudden impact.

.- .3.- The 1. combination of. a support, a. hollow .ventifialt-spindle, xJ'Ollr-naled- -in said-support a member-mounted.withimsaid. spindle. forprojec- ..tion. 0utward1ybeyondthe. lower endof the spindle a member, adapted-ate,v be attached tola device tobbesupported on. anddriven by said spindle, a,.coup.ling dotacha'bly connecting said members, and a second support-mounted onsaid first; supp r tot wins lat l y intosa do t i a position. below.andiinalignmcntwith-said spindle, Said second supportbeing; adaptedtoreceiveiand supportsaidf. device in a positionto, permit counlinsof saidmember 4, .Tlflfizcombinationiof a hollow rotary spindle [havin anoutwardly flaring recess'forreceiving an oo shank, a member mounted .withinpsaid spindle; for pr jection. 0.11inwardlyv through. said recess beyond the spindle end,,.,-a-coup,ling. for .detachably. connecting saidmember and .saidtool shank when spaced; outwardlyfrom the spindle end, said couplin n lud n asw v l mne tion permitting...an u1ar adjustment. of. theshanhin either d re ion While .the. shank. is suspended fro sa d member and bein .drawmintosaid reces and power ctuated; mechanism for reciprocating ,SaidmemberrelatWe.to saidspindle t mQ .sa d'iccun ine. outwardly. tromand. retract the same into said recess.

;5..A mounting of the character described. 113V.-

ing, incombination, a hollow rotatable spindle t,

shaped-atrits endto. interfit with a device to. be supported; a-m em ber disposed within said spindle and movable axiallyinto and out'of'theouter end thereof t o-a position spaced beyond the. spindle endja coupling on the end of "saidmember and. H

detachably engagea'blewitha-part-on saiddevice after projection of--the member outwardly to said position, and a screw and nut mechanism within said-spindle operableto advance and retract said member;

6: J A mounting of the character I described-having, in combination; a' hollow rotatable spindle shaped at its end to interfitwitha device to-be supported, a member disposed within saidspindle and movable axially into-and out of the outer end thereof a coupling'on the end ofsaid memberand-ldetachably-engageable with apart on saiddevice after projection of the memberoutwardly toa predetermined position, and areversible power actuator operable to apply forces of different magnitudes to said member to respectivelyyadvanceand retract said member out of and into said spindle and thereby clamp said deviceto or release the same from said spindle end,- the clamping force being less than the I releasing force.

'7; A mounting-of the character described having; in combination, a hollow rota-table spindle shaped at -its end to interfit' with a device to be supported; a member-disposedwithin saidspindle a QViQE-wtfi besupportedronranddrivenby the *andhmouable;axiallyriintoiand' outmoiii-thaouter endzthereoha couplingonrthez end oi-said member andcdetachably-g engageable: with: apart ones-aid device-after: P 103 action of, the-membcr outwardly to a. predetermined position, a reversible: power actuator for saidmemben operable; when enereized to advance. theimember outof; .orretract .the-same into saidzspindlerendi and-.meansrconrtrolling the-:energ-ization ofisaidactuator to cause agreaterrforcetobe appliedto .thermemben during retractionithamduring .theradvance thereof.

.8. In;a machine-toolehcadathe combination of,

a frame, a tubular. quillsslidableiimandiprojecting fromisaidrframe, afhollow spindle. journaled i .mi and projecting through-said; quill and having an exposed outer endshaped to interfit..with..-a cutter, a. power. rotated. element-i -joui-nalecl on ,saidIframe-and spline coupled tolsaiduspindle intermediate the ends. thereof, and. operable .to drivethe spindle inall positions of said quill, an elongated member, splined: within. said spindle for movement-tofu .its. outer end axially into; and

.outof thelatter;between aniinnerposition within thespindle and anouter position. spaced beyond the outer; end. of; the, spindle; coupling. means. on the. endvof said .memberndetachabh connectable ,withsaid cutter. when projected outwardly. beyond said spindleend. and. operablentoldrawlthecutter against the spindle endeas the memberisretracted into. the, spindle. screw. elements. threaded. toether within said spindle over. a length-horrespending to therange of, .movementLof'said'memher between. said innerand;outerpositions, one

screw element, being last on said ;member, a art supporting the other screw element and" journaled in said. spin le, nd la-power. rotated. shaft journaled on; said 'frame externally oflsaidispindle and spline coupledto saidpart'in'telescoping relae tion'in all of the different. axial positionsof said quill.

9. Ina machine .tool head, the combination of, a frame, a .hollow spindlejournaled .insaid frame and having an exposed end shaped to interfit with a cutter, ,a power rotated'elementjournaled on said frame and coupled' to said'spindle intermediate the ends thereof; a coupling detachably connectable with a cutter. to. be attached to the spindle, an. elongated. member supporting said ooupling atits outer endandspline'd withinsaid spindle for movement axially, to project. and retract saidv coupling. through a. predetermined. range disposed outwardly beyond. the spindle end-whereby... to draw: the cutter, coupled thereto inwardly against the. spindle endwhen the .mem ,bieris retracted into the .spin'dlescrew elements threaded together within. said spindle vover a lengthcorrespondi'ng to said range, one element being fast. on said member, a party supporting the .other screw element and. iournaledin said spindle, and power rotated means for drivingsaid part selectively in opposite directions.

10.'.'In almachine tool head," thev combination of; a'hollow rotaryspindleadapted to be coupled at one end to a cutter. for. driving the latter, a member mounted within saidspindle'for projection outwardlybeyond the spindle end, a member detachably'connectable with a rotary cutter along the axis thereof, and a coupling joining saidmemberstogether. for limited lostmotion relative to; each other. along saidlaxis andalsoi for ,rotae tion in opposite directions about. theaxiswhile the cutter is held suspended by the members ..and coupling; said coupling includinga head, on one ofthe members-and a cup enclosing andjrotatabjle relativejtotsaid. headiand' abutting opp ite. ends of the head at opposite limits of said lost motion. 11. In a machine tool head, the combination of, a frame, an upwardly extending hollow spin dle journaled in said frame and having an exposed lower end shaped to interfit with a cutter for driving the latteiy?" a power rotated element for driving said spindle journaled on said frame and coupled to the spindle intermediate the ends thereof, a coupling" detachably connectable with a cutter adapted 'td be attached to the spindle, a member supporting said coupling at its outer end and splined within said spindle for movement axially to project said coupling outwardly below said lower spindleend or to retract the coupling into the spindle and draw the cutter coupled thereto against the spindle end, screw elements threaded together within said spindle, one element being fast on said member, a part on said 1d spindle held against movement axially thereof and supporting the second screw element to turn relative to said spindle while sustaining the weight of said first screw element and the cutter coupled thereto in difierent axial positions of the latter, and means exposed beyond the upper end. of the spindle for receiving rotary power to be transmitted to said second screw element.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,300,163 Greene Apr. 8, 1919 1,794,361 Armitage et al Mar. 3, 1931 2,052,271 Archea Aug. 25, 1936 2,441,046 Turrettini May 4, 1948 2,557,582 Turrett-ini June 19, 1951 

